You can also see a variable-by-variable description of the data load for IFs.
Although IFs draws on data from a wide variety of sources, three annual publications increasingly report on most of the data needed for the model: the World BankWorld Development Indicators (formerly appendices of the World Development Report), the World Resources InstituteWorld Resources, and the United Nations’Human Development Report. At least the first of these is now on diskette or CD-ROM.
British Petroleum Company. Annual. BP Statistical Review of World Energy. London: British Petroleum Company.
Energy prices. Coal reserves. Checks on oil and gas reserves. Data does not include enough countries to be used heavily. See, instead, the UNEnergy Statistics Yearbook.
Central Intelligence Agency. Annual. The World Factbook Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency. Now on the web in entirety at http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/nsolo/wfb-all.htm
Backup data on GDP, especially for hard-to-get countries like Taiwan and some of the former communist countries. Should not use for primary estimates because the source mixes GDP at exchange rates with GDP at purchasing power parity. Instead, see World Bank and UNDP. Data on ethnic group size by country.
Evaluation Project, University of North Carolina. Annual datasheet on Family Planning Programs prepared by the Population Reference Bureau, Washington, D.C. See also Ross, J.A. and W.P. Mauldin, 1996.“Family Planning Programs: Efforts and Results, 1972-94,” Studies in Family Planning 27, no. 3: 137-47.
Data on family planning effort levels.
Freedom House. Annual. The Annual Survey of Political rights and Civil Liberties.
Data on freedom.
Gurr, Ted Robert and colleagues. State Failure Project. Data provided via the Central Intelligence Agency.
Data on state failures in ethnic violence, genocide, revolution and abnormal regime change.
Heston, Alan and Robert Summers. Penn World Tables. See http://cansim.epas.utoronto.ca:5680/pwt/pwt.html
Economic data at purchasing power parity.
Inglehart, Ronald. 1997. Modernization and Postmodernization: Cultural, Economic, and Political Change in 43 Societies. Ewing, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Data from cross-national public surveys on values in 1981 and 1990-91. Provided through the courtesy of Ronald Inglehart.
International Monetary Fund. Annual. International Financial Statistics. Washington, D.C.: International Monetary Fund.
Data on goods and services exports and imports. Backup data on international trade and finance, especially international debt.
Masters, Charles D., Emil D. Attanasi, and David H. Root. 1994. “World Petroleum Assessment and Analysis” in Proceedings of the 14th World Petroleum Congress, Stavanger, Norway. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
Data on ultimate petroleum and gas resources.
Oil and Gas Journal. Special issue near year-end.
Data on oil and gas reserves.
Penn World Tables. Alan Heston and Robert Summers Penn World Tables. Available at http://www.epas.utoronto.ca:5680/pwt/pwt.html#about
Economic data at purchasing power parity. In 1997 data through 1992 were available for download.
Population Reference Bureau. Annual. World Population Data Sheet Washington, D.C.: Population Reference Bureau.
Data on total population, total fertility rate, life expectancy, crude birth rate, and crude death rate. The CIAWorld Factbook can fill in some total population numbers. IFs has drawn data for initialization of the model sometimes from the World Development Report, but most often from the World Population Data Sheet.
Sivard, Ruth Leger. Biannual. World Military and Social Expenditures Washington, D.C. 20007: World Priorities, Box 25140.
Data on educational, health, and military expenditures, and on literacy. Increasingly the UNDPHuman Development Report can supplant this biannual publication.
Sentencing Project, The. Web site at http://www.sproject.com/ Washington, D.C.
Data on prisoners per 100,000 population.
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). Annual. SIPRI Yearbook. New York: Oxford University Press.
Data on military expenditures and on nuclear arsenal sizes. Data on deaths in domestic armed conflicts (cumulative in conflicts underway).
Transparency International and Goettingen University. http://www1.gwdg.de/~uwvw/rank-96.htm
Data on corruption (used 1996).
United Nations Development Program (UNDP). Annual. Human Development Report. New York: Oxford University Press.
Data on GDP per capita at purchasing power prices, calorie supply, contraception use, water use and water resources, global empowerment (of women), child malnutrition. This source also contains much data on economics and public expenditure that IFs historically has taken from the World Development Report (for instance, consumption by sector, employment by sector). We also took 1970 data for illiteracy from this source, but they do not appear strictly comparable to those for 1975 and later.
United Nations (UN). Annual. Energy Statistics Yearbook.
Data on production, trade, and apparent consumption by energy type. See especially Table 2, Production, Trade and Consumption of Commercial Energy.
United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). Annual. Production Yearbook. Rome: FAO. See FAO data at http://apps.fao.org/debut.htm
Data on production and trade of crops and meat, and on land use.
United States Arms Control and Disarmament Agency. Annual. World Military Expenditures and Arms Transfers. Washington, D.C.: Arms Control and Disarmament Agency.
Data on military expenditures.
World Bank. Annual. World Development Report New York: Oxford University Press.
Data on population (sometimes used instead of or as a supplement to data from the Population Reference Bureau). Data on GDP and recent growth rates, income share of lowest 20%, economic expenditure components (investment, consumption, government spending, exports, and imports), value added by sector, trade by sector, consumption by sector, foreign aid expeditures and receipts, external debt, and literacy. Data on purchasing power parity (as percent of US); replaced with data from UNDP which presents as GDP per capita in PPP terms. A very good source for data, especially now that it is available on diskette and CD-ROM. Weak coverage on non-member states and of former communist states.
World Bank. World Data CD-ROM. Data from the Social Indicators of Development, World Tables, and World Debt Tables.
Data on child (0-5 years of age) malnutrition.
World Health Organization. Annual. World Health Statistics Annual.
Data on suicide rates, used for historical series.
World Resources Institute. Biannual. World Resources New York: Oxford University Press.
Data on ocean and freshwater fish catches and on aquaculture. Data on hydroelectric potential. Potential source of other data to use in next IFs update for commercial energy production, consumption, and reserves (original data from UN and World Energy Council), for agricultural production, trade, and aid and on grain use for feed (original data from FAO), for water use and resoruces. This source (see 1996-97) also has data on CO2 and other greenhouse emissions from energy, land use, and other origins.
Specialized sources:
Watson, Andrew. Private communication on agricultural losses. Dr. Watson, Food Systems International Corporation of Berkeley, CA (510-526-4410) confirmed estimates that the poorest LDCs typically lose 50% of harvests before consumption, in contrast with 15% in richest MDCs. Used for the values of LOSS and its function with GDP per capita.
Mori, Shunsuke and Masato Takahaashi, “An Integrated Assessment Model for the Evaluation of New Energy Technologies and Food Production,” unpublished paper accepted by the International Journal of Global Energy Issues (January 1997). Indicate that a hectare of forest absorbs about 10 tons of carbon from the atmosphere (p. 6). Used for the value of CARFORST.